SPEECH COMMUNICATION

SPEECH COMMUNICATION

I.                    DEFINITION:

A)    SPEECH – the sound of a written language; communication by speaking

B)     COMMUNICATION – the process of sharing information from one mind to another, be it written or oral; a skill that enables one to sway millions of people.

II.                 4 ESSENTIAL SKILLS:

A)    Reading

B)     Writing

C)     Speaking

D)    Listening

III.               ROLE OF A SPEAKER:

A)    Create or Think

B)     Transmit or share

IV.              ROLE OF A RECEIVER:

A)    Listen

B)     Analyze

C)     Understand

D)    Interpret

V.                 ELEMENTS OF SPEECH:

A)    Speaker

B)     Listener

C)     Context

D)    Message

E)     Channels

1.       Audio

2.       Visual

3.       Audio-visual

4.       Oral

F)      Noise

1.      External Noise or Physical

2.      Internal Noise or Psychological

3.      Semantic Noise

G)    Feedback

1.      Negative

2.      Positive

FUNCTIONS OF SPEECH COMMUNICATION

I.                    OBJECTIVES:

A)    Self-expression

B)     To communicate

C)     To control human behavior

II.                 FUNCTIONS ACCDG. TO JOHN C. CONDON, JR:

A)    PHATIC COMMUNICATION – most casual and careless; starts and welcomes communication

B)     PREVENTION COMMUNICATION – cut the communication

C)     RECORDING-TRANSMITTING FUNCTIONS – share

D)    INSTRUMENTAL COMMUNICATION

E)     AFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION – positive emotions

F)      CATHARSIS – negative emotions

G)    MAGIC – superstitions and curses

H)    RITUAL

I)       METACOMMUNICATION – symbols or feedbacks through the use of words and gestures

III.               FUNCTIONS ACCDG. TO WAHLSTORM:

A)    THE SENDER’S STANDPOINT

1.      INFORMATION – facts or data

2.      INSTRUCTION

3.      PERSUASION – to alter one’s belief

4.      ENTERTAINMENT

B)     THE SOCIETY’S STANDPOINT

1.      SURVEILLANCE – monitor what is happening

2.      CORRELATION – interpret what is happening

3.      SOCIALIZATION - teaching

4.      ENTERTAINMENT – primary function of mass media

C)     THE RECEIVER’S STANDPOINT

1.      PERSONAL IDENTITY FUNCTION – understanding who we are

2.      SOCIAL INTEGRATION FUNCTION – to meet our needs

3.      COGNITIVE FUNCTION - internalization

4.      ESCAPE FUNCTION – means to relax

TYPES AND LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION

I.                    TYPES OF COMMUNICATION:

A)    INTRAPERSONAL COMMUNICATION  - communication with one’s self

B)     INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION – involves two persons or groups

C)     PUBLIC COMMUNICATION – one person delivers his remarks to the audience

D)    GROUP COMMUNICATION – involves three or more people

1.      PANEL DISCUSSION – free discussion having 3-8 members discussing a topic in a semi-circle position

2.      PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE – usually done in the house of representatives to make a law

3.      COMMITTEE OR CONFERENCE MEETING – 10-15 members meet and learn necessary facts to disseminate to a larger group

4.      SYMPOSIUM – series of short speeches delivered by 3-5 persons who are required to talk about a single topic.

5.      DEBATE – argumentation between an affirmative and negative

NATURE AND PROCESS OF LEARNING

I.                    DEFINITION:

A)    LISTENING – the complex process of receiving, attending, understanding, and responding to messages transmitted through the medium of sound.

B)     RECEIVING – taking auditory messages to one’s mind

C)     ATTENDING – paying attention to the message

D)    UNDERSTANDING – building a meaning to the messages received

E)     FEEDBACK – giving comments and ideas about the message received

II.                 TYPES OF LISTENING:

A)    INFORMATIVE LISTENING – to obtain information from the speeches, lectures, reports and instructions

B)     RELATIONSHIP LISTENING – to improve interpersonal relationships

C)     APPRECIATIVE LISTENING – to appreciate and enjoy hearing good speakers and nature’s sound as well

D)    CRITICAL LISTENING – to analyze, interpret, assess, and evaluate the message received

III.               BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE LISTENING:

A)    Conflicting contextual meaning

B)     Thinking of other tasks

C)     Prejudging the speaker

D)    Passive listening

E)     Varying perception

F)      Conflicting non-verbal clues

G)    Noise

H)    Letting emotions take control

I)       Lacking the motivation to listen well

J)       Lacking the initiative to respond.

NATURE AND TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

I.                    DEFINITION AND HISTORY:

A)    NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION – involves non-verbal stimuli; sending and receiving messages in a variety of ways without the use of verbal codes.

B)     CHARLES DARWIN – the first to study non-verbal communication in his book The Expression of the Emotion in Man and Animals.

II.                 FUNCTIONS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION:

A)    Complementing

B)     Contradicting

C)     Accenting

D)    Substituting

E)     Regulating

F)      Repeating

III.               TYPES OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATIONS:

A)    KINESICS (Body)

1.      Facial Expression

2.      Gesture

3.      Posture

B)     OCULESICS (Eye Contact)

1.      Maintaining

2.      Avoiding

C)     PARALANGUAGE (voice or vocalics)

1.      Tone

2.      Speed (fastness and slowness)

3.      Pitch (highness and lowness)

4.      Volume (loudness and softness)

5.      FIVE COMMON VOICE QUALITIES:

a)      Normal voice

b)      Breather or whispery voice

c)      Full voice

d)      Chesty voice

e)      Thin voice

D)    HAPTICS (Touch)

1.      Functional or Professional touches

2.      Social or Polite touches

3.      Friendship or Warmth touches

4.      Love or Intimate touches

5.      Sexual Touches

E)     PROXEMICS (Space)

1.      Permanent Structures

2.      Moveable Objects

3.      Informal Space

4.      DISTANCES OR SPACE TYPES:

a)      Intimate Space (0-18 inches)

b)      Personal Space (18 inches – 4 feet)

c)      Social Space (4-12 feet)

d)      Public Space (12-15 feet)

F)      CHRONEMICS (Time)

1.      Duration

2.      Activity

3.      Punctuality